collects on the walls of the reactor that's been collected and passed on for further reworking i'm sure. there is going to mean difference is that elsewhere directly to carbon is based on a graphic foundation. that is a result. structure which stays solid when the show is undamaged. but the whole thing falls apart whenever there's a tiny crack. material is better protected against such problems. getting that pure limit carbon they need is only the first step in the process before these black into rings can become potentially life saving valves they must be cut and chiseled into the right shape. thank you in the fact these are alternately going to be implanted inside someone's heart repeatedly long to wait for pinpoint accuracy. however unlike many other valves out there

many inches are made entirely out of pure let it carbon that means that not only is the suturing but the leaflets are also made from super strong material to get the flap shape just right they have to be whittled down using special equipment and that goes on to be checked and cleaned once again from this point the two main components the ring and the leaflets are put together in an absolutely sterile room over the years the company has sold tens of thousands of their previous models in more than twenty five countries but thanks to their work with the center this new valve is a step above the rest by creating a totally unobstructed channel through the middle of the improved valve combines the performance of biological valves with the long life and reliability of mechanical ones the. whole shape is the same as that in a live human body which enables even laminar flow without any water. is going to be fully my. the functions. we've just started clinical trials which we intend

to run for a year and then start mass production sales. so far only a handful of the brand new valves have been placed in the hands of capable surgeons when they do eventually hit the market will likely be plenty of demand in two thousand and eleven there were some twenty five thousand placements surgeries in russia alone and to avoid becoming another of those statistics you should do as i say and not as i do for like this may be tasty but in excess it could lead to any number of health problems all the starch and sugar can wreak havoc on your teeth and might just land you under dental surgeons operating lights but they are russian ingenuity even that doesn't have to be as nail biting as it used to be for many people there's nothing more stressful than a visit to the doctor but many are turning to new technology to soothe their patients nerves more invasive surgeries more and more dentists are now using laser scalpels to make the necessary cuts these are often perfect for surgery in the

mouth because as it slices the laser cutter rises instantaneously such. as have been around for a while but this one being used just outside of moscow is of a new breed. which hit the market earlier in two thousand and twelve. thermal optic surgery based on the nano carbonized zation of light guides feedback and a high power laser allows us to significantly reduce the time it takes to perform a surgery. but this means tissues consume less energy which in turn reduces the risk of causing thermal damage to the tissues. this is especially important in operations on the oral mucosa since these tissues are very fine and delicate. responsible for that high tech slicer is a global partnership that's based on technology pioneered here in st petersburg the streets of the northern capital are icy and winter months the laser related tech of

some of the city's scientists is red hot. principle that underlies many laser scalpels. and has its roots at the st petersburg state university of information technology mechanics and optics despite what many people think don't make incisions with the laser beam. do the cutting previously rather imprecise. the laser. creative output the temperature could and did vary throughout the course of an operation based on the know how here the st petersburg institute. which they feel is head and shoulders above the competition. with devices. that control the temperature of the areas being operated on. depending on the required temperature. here in st petersburg there are different

configurations to see which give the most ideal performance for certain. materials can be used in the tips but depending on how much of the laser light they have varying temperatures. cutting edge research takes place in st petersburg through the company's production all the way across the globe. just outside of boston massachusetts in the united states where the truly international team is the research and development carried out by their russian partners. individual companies. primarily responsible for innovation research development and commercialization of the product in the russian federation. is responsible for manufacturing and commercialization in international markets and we think that this is a very. successful project because it allows us to. maximize

the strengths of each parties and their. prospective jurors graphic what else and also leverage their capital resources most efficiently here in the u.s. the lasers are marketed as lasers the mother you see here is designed for soft tissue surgery but the company is currently working on a new module with a fiber ending designed especially for cutting through hard to shoot like to think . the unique design is due to school simply swap out the soft tissue scalpel for a different one in theory that means dental surgeons would have to invest in an entirely separate consul for different purposes. devices produced by a closest competitors in terms of power are much larger and much more complicated than the ones that we made some competitors make similarly sized devices but they're much less powerful than ours in the pleasure and so our devices are quite well placed in the market was a call there compact easy to assemble highly efficient.

here. in markets were completely sold out over the course of the two days of the show. here in russia the company and its technology is getting recognition all around and not just from buyers despite having only been set up a few years ago platonic has been a resident of skolkovo which is essentially a big tech idea clearing house the status and advantages of joining that club will only help push the company and its state of the lasers into the future.

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major university is a variable treasure trove of knowledge in the form of both respected professors and millions upon millions of books however there is just not enough time in the day or our lives to get through them all but thanks to the labor of one tireless academic here that could all be changing well it comes to science and technology it's hard to find as prolific of an institution as moscow state university stocking the hollowed halls here have been some of the globe's greatest thinkers and it was here

back in the late one nine hundred sixty s. and. teamed up with if you move lieberman to prove the existence of the electric potential difference across mitochondrial membranes that was a confirmation needed to help earn a british scientist the nobel prize perhaps more importantly that discovery could unlock the fountain of youth for us all. to understand aging we have to look inside each individual cell among the various organelles the most important for our purposes is the mitochondria and as these power plants pump out energy for the cell reactive oxygen species are also generated the build up of these so called our wes's and mitochondria can damage our in name d.n.a. and protein which is thought to be largely responsible for the physiological effects of aging. and his team hypothesized that this could be cut down by accidents with the positively charged ion doing so allows mitochondria is negatively charged interior to attract the ion antioxidant compound combination

also helps squeeze antioxidants through the cells in the membrane which would otherwise absorb the fat soluble antioxidants in total more chemicals get to where they're needed most in the wake of dr postulation and research such positive ion delivery vehicles were nicknamed. scientist since that time the topic has become a bit of a family affair for the good doctor sons getting involved although the underlying idea originated back in the seventy's it wasn't put into practice until the one nine hundred ninety s. . we were in the first to apply this principle. fact it was michael. cohen. and immediately told him that it wasn't a very good choice in terms of the anti-oxidant but by then he already made a lot of progress with that substance so he just threw his hands up and told me that his investors wouldn't forgive him if he changed the substance halfway through

and said they were going to give it a shot it takes ten to fifteen years to introduce a new medicine unfortunately a lot of that time was lost in my opinion however no one can deny him the honor of being the first to try out our idea. since that first for an attempt to bombard mitochondria with antioxidants dr school cho and other moscow state university researchers have been hard at work coming up with an antioxidant and delivery system pair that shows better results. from mike murphy who tried vitamin e. and co in q school in his life have hitched their wagon to a substance well accustomed to dealing with the build up of lots of oxygen plant chloroplasts. the thought being that since our green growing friends produce large amounts of oxygen their own antioxidants must be up to the task of keeping dangerous reactive oxygen species to

a minimum. the resulting compound which they call s k q is reported to be hundreds of times more effective than any of the other variations previously. kill all this is based on the preppers issue that it's programmed in our genetic makeup to slowly but surely kill off our cells and in the end. disrupt that program and you might just. more than that you know medicine succeed in extending human life in the wood or more importantly stone the onset of aging at least that's what it doesn't anymore and we're cells are so there is a good chance but it's not a certain effect yet so as a scientist i am obliged to have my doubts but we're working on is rather a hypothesis but we have to try and we definitely will. test for signs of aging directly researchers do so by monitoring changes in behavior over time younger

healthier rats actually explore their surroundings but as they get older they tend to explore less and camped out in the. positive results in arresting this change in trials are still needed before we see an overarching fountain of youth drug like a pill or injection. and decided to take it step by step. we were very lucky to have discovered that one can use this substance to make eyedrops so that it is efficient enough to administer it typically this makes for a much easier path to the market. in order to commercialize the technology a company called. the medicine is only dropped into the potential adverse side effects are much smaller than with something like a tablet or a little preserve the traditional tests on animals and then human clinical trials had to be passed to receive the go ahead from russian health regulators earlier in two thousand and twelve and at the moment they're working on having it approved by western health agencies. the resulting eyedrops are targeted at relieving chronic

dry eyes this interim can lead to increasingly impaired vision and in some cases eventually blindness but these russian made drugs are able to do much more dry eyes . there are techniques to find out how many says have died as a result of. the. death. totally different picture when used extensively they greatly decrease the number of tissue sections affected by potosi. but like any true scientist dr. as the first guinea pig even before he got the russian regulatory green light in my opinion the results pretty much speak for themselves. i'm very short sighted i started suffering from cataracts and i've had for years. as a result of using the eye drops the cataract disappeared my myopia dropped from minus

seven down to minus three point five diopters and my eye pressure has reduced which is a sign that the glaucoma has grown much less acute. with russian regulatory approval in hand the. but surely started getting their eyedrops to market their tinting to go without linking up with a distributor present they've already sold twenty five thousand bottles to various pharmacies. innovators this is just the first step in fact. to grow into a large pharmaceutical company with a wide range of products. will have one thing in common. this.

pushes ahead with the next generation of. medications. one hundred grams of. the city of. innovation. here. is one of the operation simulators from a dynamic local company called. blood free operation.

operation is done and then having a go at it yourself is the. students and even young doctors can't. patients these robotic simulators. the company's ever improving. different simulators ideal for practicing minimum. surgeries at the institutes and clinics to the technology the difference is evident. we always keep a record of mistakes thanks to the video we are able to follow. her actions it also shows the mistakes and. possible impact on a given surgery this exercise feels very true to life in terms of working with. receiving feedback including tissue resistance all of this enables the students to feel like a real surgeon in action. but the human processing complex is home to the

inspiration behind those trainers at the so-called technology resident companies like get tax breaks and other business friendly incentives to spur on the development of new ideas and projects before they came out with the medical. with a different kind of. truck simulators for russian government. their drivers needed more training before hitting the road working hand in hand with the company that supplies trucks for the russian military and emergency services ministry. with hydraulic systems and writes the programming code to recreate. according to company. a much greater range of motion and more precisely replicates how. various road conditions and experience. but after a few laps around the training ground even. perform

a few tricky maneuvers. military and truck drivers aren't the only ones that could benefit from a little more practice behind a fictional wheel before getting out there. also develop. transporters dry. and to practice in close to real life conditions it will contain everything one would find in an ambulance rushing to and fro on the street however for the forward thinking. getting the patient there is only half the battle. only covers one branch of. the living a patient from the starting point. where he can be given medical assistance so the simulator practice only one skill transporting the patient. and handing him over to other doctors from that point on a different branch of surgery. the next logical step. to

make training geared towards the other aspects of. the company is working on creating full training complexes that will cover the more than one hundred different medical branches needed for russia's health care system. and have a look and feel just right is of utmost importance but the more realistic the training scenario the more useful it is when the time comes to put that knowledge to use. with that in mind the company's production facility designers are constantly working to improve them in addition to realistic bone structures they've also been working on a skin like covering that will mimic the feel of cutting through real life derma. still rather early days for i. come out with is getting more and more advanced as well as becoming more lifelike. present his production ranges from simple c.p.r. training mannequins to complex robots. skilled computer programming is the real

brains of the operation. talented team of creative programmers all the simulated guts on the inside would be more or less useless. every one of the models is built for a concrete order to be a specific section. gether depending on what it's designed for engineers can replicate the body's various systems and organs as closely as possible to real life compressors are used to mimic breathing and appalls tanks and pumps through fluids for cardiovascular as well as your unary systems and servo motors for joint movement and sensors react to the doctor's actions all this allows i just programmers to recreate just about any problem imaginable. by me and. in the world there are four major companies in the business of making medical simulators we are the fifth one naturally each manufacturer does their best to stand out. about this kind of competition because we believe that it benefits the

end consumer the more competing companies there are including russian developers the better it is for the medical equipment market so we feel that our devices are better than foreign ones in a number of ways i knew them first and they have been tailored specifically for the russian healthcare system that secondly we have introduced a new concept. with a number of ports which is unique to our company third we have built a full scale model of an operating room together with a robot this is something our foreign competitors have yet to emulate. but i don't isn't stopping there they recently got big backing for a project to build one of the largest innovative medical complexes in russia for now the plans are only on paper but they soon hope to break ground on a center that would bring many of the globe's leading institutions to. so with ideas and medical advances you've seen today we hope that your next visit to the

doctor and this holiday season will be very merry indeed that'll do it for this edition of technology update we'll see you next time it's all then enjoy the right . something. lies beneath. thousands of meters of ice country rock. the lab. that is aloof for many. but dangerous even to those who keep it at a distance. the

book . the book.

you know sometimes you see a story and it seems so you think you understand it and then something else you hear sees some other part of it and realize everything is. welcome to the big picture. the news the secret laboratory. was able to build the most sophisticated robots with. dorna found anything mission to teach me. to care

about humans and. this is why you should care only. r r r r r.

i t. it's. just so.